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Tree worship: Sacred Trees and Wishing Trees

Tree worship refers to the veneration of trees, groups of trees, and sacred groves. They can be regarded as the embodiment of mythological beings themselves,…

Zazaki in the Context of Alevism

This entry examines the function of Zazaki (Kırmancki) within the Alevi religious world, particularly centred on Dersim. Zazaki plays an important role in Alevism not…

Shahmaran and Shahapet: The Snake Cults of the Kurds, Yazidis, and Armenians

The worship of snakes is one of the oldest natural religious or polytheistic beliefs worldwide. There are two contrasting views: 1) Snakes are seen as…

Mountains and Fire Worship: Sacred Peaks and Fiery Rituals: Tracing the Pre-Christian Roots of Dersim’s Alevi Beliefs

The entry informs about the continuity of pre-Christian/pre-Islamic veneration of high, usually volcanic mountains in the antic Armenian Highlands, including Dersim. These venerated mountains were…

Cem Ritual and Psychological Well-Being: A Social Identity Perspective

This entry examines the historical and contemporary experiences of exclusion faced by Alevis through the framework of the Social Identity Approach in social psychology, with…

Hako Sûr: A Springtime Ritual among Kurdish Alevis & Armenians in Dersim

Hako Sûr, also known as the Red Egg Festival, is a now largely forgotten springtime tradition that was once practised by Kurdish Alevi communities in…

Xızır's (Hızır's) Sacred Herd (Bezoar Goats of Dersim)

This entry explores pantheistic nature worship in the Raa Haqi faith, using the example of the worship of bezoar goats living in Dersim. These wild…

Cem / Cevat

Cem is the central ritual within Alevi and Bektashi forms of worship. In the Raa Haqi tradition, cem is not only a collective act of…

Cem Ceremony as a Conflict Resolution Method

This entry explores the significance of the Cem ceremony, which holds profound significance in Alevism, embodying a unique fusion of spirituality, communal values, and cultural…

Alevis and Alevism in Turkish Cinema

This entry focuses on the representation of the Alevi-Bektashi faith and identity in Turkish cinema, examining the role of cinema in the construction of cultural…
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