Sosyolog<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Alevilik, k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir inan\u00e7 ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel mirasa sahip olup, bar\u0131\u015f, adalet ve insan sevgisi gibi evrensel de\u011ferleri \u00f6n planda tutan zengin bir tarih ve kolektif haf\u0131zaya sahiptir. Ancak Aleviler tarih boyunca \u00e7e\u015fitli bask\u0131lar, katliamlar ve ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131klar ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu olaylar, Alevi toplulu\u011funun haf\u0131zas\u0131nda derin izler b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f ve toplulu\u011fun kimli\u011fini, inan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 etkilemi\u015ftir. Alevili\u011fin kolektif haf\u0131zas\u0131 ve s\u00f6zl\u00fc gelene\u011finin ge\u00e7mi\u015ften g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131, soyk\u0131r\u0131m, katliam, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn ve asimilasyon \u00e7abalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesi tarihin derinlerine k\u00f6k salm\u0131\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir kolektif haf\u0131za ve s\u00f6zl\u00fc gelene\u011fi sayesinde olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Aleviler, ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 co\u011frafyalarda egemenlerin inan\u00e7, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve geleneklerini yok etmek i\u00e7in y\u00fczy\u0131llarca uygulad\u0131klar\u0131 politikalara kar\u015f\u0131 Alevi belle\u011fini ge\u00e7mi\u015ften g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze muhafaza eden, depolayan ve ta\u015f\u0131yan \u00f6nemli bagajlar yaratm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Alevi co\u011frafyas\u0131nda siyasi hakimiyet kolonyalist g\u00fc\u00e7lerin kontrol\u00fcnde olsa da Aleviler ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 co\u011frafyan\u0131n her ta\u015f\u0131na topra\u011f\u0131na sinen bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015fl\u0131k kat\u0131p inan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 silinemeyecek bir gelenek ile kaz\u0131m\u0131\u015flard\u0131r ve mekan ile fiili bir egemenlik kurmu\u015flard\u0131r. Kolonyal g\u00fc\u00e7ler her t\u00fcrl\u00fc zor ayg\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 kullanmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bu k\u00fclt\u00fcrel egemenli\u011fi ortadan kald\u0131ramam\u0131\u015f ve askeri kontrol d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 Alevi co\u011frafyas\u0131nda kuramam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kolektif k\u00fclt\u00fcr, sosyal ya\u015fam, inan\u00e7 ve s\u00f6zl\u00fc gelenekler bir co\u011frafyay\u0131 yer olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p, yeri bir haf\u0131za mekan\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcrler. \u0130\u015fgalciler i\u00e7in bir co\u011frafya \u00fczerinde hegemonyalar\u0131n\u0131 kurmak \u00f6n\u00fcnde en b\u00fcy\u00fck engellerden biri de haf\u0131za mekanlar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Haf\u0131za mekanlar\u0131 bu \u00f6znel rol\u00fc ile inanc\u0131, gelene\u011fi depolad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in katliam, soyk\u0131r\u0131m ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcne ra\u011fmen toplulu\u011fun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren, hat\u0131rlatan, i\u015fgalin k\u00fclt\u00fcrle\u015fmesi ve kurumsalla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyen ayn\u0131 zamanda birer kendinden direni\u015f mekanlar\u0131d\u0131r. Frans\u0131z d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr Piere Nora Haf\u0131za Mekan\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda haf\u0131za mekanlar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yokluk \u00fczerinden ifade eder. Nora\u2019ya g\u00f6re art\u0131k haf\u0131za ortamlar\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in haf\u0131za mekanlar\u0131 gidenlerin temsiliyetini \u00fcstlenir. Onlar ge\u00e7mi\u015fin canl\u0131 birer par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r ve toplumun tarihle olan ili\u015fkisini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirir (1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Alevili\u011fin haf\u0131za mekanlar\u0131, Alevi toplulu\u011funun ortak ge\u00e7mi\u015fine, inan\u00e7lar\u0131na ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131na at\u0131fta bulunur. Bu mekanlar, toplumun haf\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 canl\u0131 tutar ve kolektif kimli\u011fin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak i\u015flev g\u00f6r\u00fcr. \u00d6rne\u011fin Dersim b\u00f6lgesi, Alevi haf\u0131za mekanlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir role sahiptir. Buras\u0131, Alevi toplulu\u011funun tarihi boyunca ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zorluklar\u0131 ve direni\u015fi sembolize eder. Dersim, b\u00f6lgesel olarak ge\u00e7mi\u015fin ac\u0131 hat\u0131ralar\u0131n\u0131 ve direni\u015fin simgelerini i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131ran bir haf\u0131za mekan\u0131d\u0131r. Dersim gibi mekanlar k\u00fclt\u00fcrel veya toplumsal a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6nemli bir rol oynar. Bu t\u00fcr mekanlara ba\u011flanmak, ki\u015finin kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne ve toplumuna ait oldu\u011funu hissetmesine katk\u0131da bulunur. Bundan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc topluluklar hayatlar\u0131, inan\u00e7lar\u0131 ile de\u011fil mekanlar\u0131 ile beraber sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n hedefi olurlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bir mekana ba\u011flanmam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayan bir\u00e7ok fakt\u00f6r bulunabilir; ancak temelde bizi bir mekana ba\u011flayan istek, bir yerde kendimizi anlamland\u0131rma, aidiyet hissi ve an\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 canl\u0131 tutma arzusudur. \u0130nsanlar, belirli bir mekana ba\u011flanarak orada ya\u015fanan deneyimleri ve an\u0131lar\u0131 hat\u0131rlamak, payla\u015fmak ve anlamland\u0131rmak isterler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pierre Nora\u2019n\u0131n haf\u0131za mekan\u0131 kavram\u0131yla Alevilik haf\u0131za mekanlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131, Alevi toplulu\u011funun tarihle olan ili\u015fkisini anlamak ve kolektif haf\u0131za \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapmak i\u00e7in \u00f6nemlidir. Alevi haf\u0131za mekanlar\u0131, toplumun ge\u00e7mi\u015fini, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ve inanc\u0131n\u0131 canl\u0131 tutar ve gelecek nesillere aktar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu mekanlar, toplumun kimli\u011fini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirir ve toplumsal dayan\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 destekler. Toplumsal mekanlar ve an\u0131tlar\u0131n toplumun kolektif haf\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturdu\u011funu ve bireylerin hat\u0131rlama s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini etkiledi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen Halbwachs\u2019a g\u00f6re ise bireysel haf\u0131za toplumsal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ba\u011flamlar i\u00e7inde \u015fekillenir ve bu ba\u011flamlar bireylerin hat\u0131rlama s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini etkiler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Maurice Halbwachs\u2019\u0131n \u201cHaf\u0131zan\u0131n Toplumsal \u00c7er\u00e7eveleri\u201d perspektifine g\u00f6re, bireylerin haf\u0131zalar\u0131, ait olduklar\u0131 toplumun kimli\u011fi ve aidiyeti i\u00e7inde \u015fekillenir. Alevilik bir toplumsal \u00e7er\u00e7eve olarak Alevilerin kimliklerini ve aidiyet duygular\u0131n\u0131 \u015fekillendirir. Alevi toplumu, ortak inan\u00e7lar, gelenekler ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel pratikler etraf\u0131nda bir araya gelmi\u015ftir. Bu ortak \u00e7er\u00e7eve, bireylerin hat\u0131rlama s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini etkiler ve kolektif haf\u0131zay\u0131 olu\u015fturur (2).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Bellek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda Jan Assmann ise toplumlar\u0131 ikili bir bellek sistemiyle i\u015fler; ki\u015fisel bellek (ki\u015fisel deneyimler ve hat\u0131ralar) ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel bellek (toplumun kolektif deneyimleri ve hat\u0131ralar\u0131) (3). Alevilik k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve belle\u011fi de bu ikili bellek sistemi i\u00e7inde de\u011ferlendirilebilir. Bireylerin ki\u015fisel deneyimleri ve hat\u0131ralar\u0131, toplumun ortak deneyimleri ve hat\u0131ralar\u0131yla etkile\u015fime girer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Alevilerin tarih boyunca ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zul\u00fcm ve soyk\u0131r\u0131mlar bireylerin ki\u015fisel deneyimlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra toplumsal haf\u0131zan\u0131n da bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Francesca Cappelletto\u2019nun \u201cLong-Term Memory of Extreme Events: From Autobiography to History\u201d \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda bu t\u00fcr trajik deneyimlerin ki\u015fisel an\u0131lar\u0131n ve otobiyografilerin toplumsal haf\u0131zay\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fini ve \u015fekillendirdi\u011fini inceler. Alevi toplumlar\u0131n\u0131n toplumsal belle\u011finin nas\u0131l \u015fekillendi\u011fini ve etkilendi\u011fini anlamak i\u00e7in bu \u00e7er\u00e7eveden bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Alevi toplumlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrg\u00fcn, asimilasyon sava\u015f ve soyk\u0131r\u0131m deneyimleri, toplumsal belle\u011fin olu\u015fumunda ve aktar\u0131m\u0131nda kritik bir rol oynar. Bu deneyimler, toplumun ge\u00e7mi\u015fini hat\u0131rlamas\u0131n\u0131, anlamas\u0131n\u0131 ve gelecek nesillere aktarmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Cappelletto\u2019nun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, belle\u011fin nas\u0131l in\u015fa ve yeniden in\u015fa edildi\u011fini inceler (4). Alevi toplulu\u011funun sava\u015f ve soyk\u0131r\u0131m otobiyografileri, bu tan\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r ve toplumsal belle\u011fin s\u00fcrekli olarak yeniden in\u015fa edilmesinde ve g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesinde kritik bir rol oynar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Direni\u015f ve Anma Mekanlar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Haf\u0131za mekanlar\u0131, toplulu\u011fun tarihinde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm bu ac\u0131lar\u0131 depolar, hat\u0131rlat\u0131r ve gelecek ku\u015faklara aktar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Aleviler i\u00e7in direni\u015f ve anma mekanlar\u0131, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fanan zul\u00fcmlere kar\u015f\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda direni\u015fin bir sembol\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u00d6rne\u011fin m\u00fcze olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Mad\u0131mak Oteli\u2019nin kendinden i\u00e7kin haf\u0131za mekansall\u0131\u011f\u0131, Alevi toplulu\u011funun direni\u015f gelene\u011fini canl\u0131 tutar. Alevi toplulu\u011fu i\u00e7in mekanlar, sadece fiziksel varl\u0131klar de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda inan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miraslar\u0131n\u0131n haf\u0131zada an\u0131tsalla\u015fm\u0131\u015f sembolik bir ifadesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Fiziki Kopu\u015f ve Hat\u0131rlanma<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Fiziki kopu\u015f, bir mekandan ayr\u0131lma veya ondan uzakla\u015fma-uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lma durumunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu durumda, insanlar o mekana olan ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 daha da g\u00fc\u00e7lendirebilirler. Fiziki kopu\u015f, o mekana ve orada ya\u015fanan deneyimlere daha fazla anlam y\u00fcklenilmesine ve hat\u0131rlamay\u0131 daha \u00f6nemli hale getirmesine neden olabilir. Ayr\u0131ca, fiziki kopu\u015f durumunda insanlar, o mekan\u0131 ve orada ya\u015fananlar\u0131 hat\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in daha yo\u011fun bir istek duyabilirler \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc art\u0131k o mekana ula\u015fmak veya oraya gitmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sonu\u00e7 olarak, bir mekana ba\u011flanman\u0131n nedenleri aras\u0131nda aidiyet, an\u0131lar, inan\u00e7, kimlik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ba\u011flar gibi fakt\u00f6rler bulunur. Bu ba\u011flar, insanlar\u0131n kendilerini anlamland\u0131rmas\u0131, aidiyet hissi geli\u015ftirmesi ve hat\u0131ralar\u0131 canl\u0131 tutmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nemlidir. Fiziki kopu\u015f bu ba\u011f\u0131 koparmaz aksine bu ba\u011flar daha da g\u00fc\u00e7lenir ve mekan\u0131n hat\u0131rlanmas\u0131 daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6nem kazan\u0131r. Alevilik haf\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n mekansal ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek, bu miras\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve gelecek ku\u015faklara aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Bunun i\u00e7in de \u00e7e\u015fitli geleneksel ve modern ara\u00e7lara ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle g\u00f6\u00e7 ettirilen ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilen Aleviler ile onlar\u0131n gen\u00e7 ku\u015faklar\u0131 i\u00e7in haf\u0131zan\u0131n mekansal ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek \u00f6nemlidir. Geleneksel ve modern ara\u00e7lar, fiziki ve dijital y\u00f6ntemler kullan\u0131larak bu haf\u0131za korunabilir ve yeni ku\u015faklara aktar\u0131labilir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te topluluk \u00fcyelerinin aktif kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ve teknolojinin etkin kullan\u0131m\u0131, haf\u0131zan\u0131n canl\u0131 tutulmas\u0131nda ve gelecek nesillere ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde aktar\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Alevi Ansiklopedisi tam da bu tarihsel sorumluluk misyonu ile Alevilik haf\u0131za kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131, toplulu\u011fun kimli\u011fini, tarihini, inan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrel de\u011ferlerinin s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmesi ve yeni ku\u015faklara aktar\u0131lmas\u0131na katk\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in dijital ara\u00e7lar\u0131 da kullanarak tarihi bir sorumluluk \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Alevilik, k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir inan\u00e7 ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel mirasa sahip olup, bar\u0131\u015f, adalet ve insan sevgisi gibi evrensel de\u011ferleri \u00f6n planda tutan zengin bir tarih ve kolektif haf\u0131zaya sahiptir. Ancak Aleviler tarih boyunca \u00e7e\u015fitli bask\u0131lar, katliamlar ve ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131klar ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu olaylar, Alevi toplulu\u011funun haf\u0131zas\u0131nda derin izler b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f ve toplulu\u011fun kimli\u011fini, inan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 etkilemi\u015ftir. Alevili\u011fin kolektif haf\u0131zas\u0131 ve s\u00f6zl\u00fc gelene\u011finin ge\u00e7mi\u015ften g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131, soyk\u0131r\u0131m, katliam, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn ve asimilasyon \u00e7abalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesi tarihin derinlerine k\u00f6k salm\u0131\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir kolektif haf\u0131za ve s\u00f6zl\u00fc gelene\u011fi sayesinde olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":57,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4475","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aleviansiklopedisi.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4475","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aleviansiklopedisi.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aleviansiklopedisi.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aleviansiklopedisi.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/57"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aleviansiklopedisi.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4475"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.aleviansiklopedisi.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4475\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9490,"href":"https:\/\/www.aleviansiklopedisi.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4475\/revisions\/9490"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aleviansiklopedisi.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4475"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aleviansiklopedisi.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4475"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aleviansiklopedisi.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4475"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Kaynak\u00e7a<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
\n